營養

Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics. The Health Benefits of Tea.
Available from: https://www.eatright.org/health/wellness/preventing-illness/the-health-benefits-of-tea

Li X, Wang W, Hou L, Wu H, Wu Y, Xu R, Xiao Y, Wang X. Does tea extract supplementation benefit metabolic syndrome and obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Nutrition. 2020 Apr 1;39(4):1049-58.

Shimizu M. Multifunctions of dietary polyphenols in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. journal of food and drug analysis. 2017 Jan 1;25(1):93-9.

Pérez-Jiménez J, Neveu V, Vos F, Scalbert A. Identification of the 100 richest dietary sources of polyphenols: an application of the Phenol-Explorer database. European journal of clinical nutrition. 2010 Nov;64(3):S112-20.

AICR. Tea. Available from: https://www.aicr.org/cancer-prevention/food-facts/tea/

Liu G, Mi XN, Zheng XX, Xu YL, Lu J, Huang XH. British Journal of Nutrition. 2014 Oct;112(7):1043-54.

Refers to unsweetened tea. Based on nutrition information of tea from USDA FoodData Central. Tea contains less than 4kcal energy and 0mg cholesterol per 100ml, which can be considered as "calorie-free" based on Codex Guidelines for the Use of Nutrition and Health Claims

Xu R, Yang K, Li S, Dai M, Chen G. Nutrition journal. 2020 Dec;19(1):1-5.

Wang X, Liu F, Li J, Yang X, Chen J, Cao J, Wu X, Lu X, Huang J, Li Y, Zhao L. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 2020 Dec 1;27(18):1956-63.

Li X, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Si J, Yang L, Chen Y, Ren X, Jiang G, Chen J, Chen Z. Heart. 2017 May 1;103(10):783-9.

Based on nutrition information of oats from USDA FoodData Central. ; The Heart Foundation. Fat oils and Heart Health. Available from: https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/heart-health-education/fats-oils-and-heart-health

Per 100g comparison with cashew nuts. Based on nutrition Information of cashew nuts from USDA FoodData Central.

USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28. Nutrients: Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) (mg) Available from: https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/VitaminE-Content.pdf

Based on nutrition information of almonds from USDA FoodData Central. One serving is 1 oz.

US FDA. Qualified Health Claims: Letter of Enforcement Discretion—Nuts and Coronary Heart Disease (Docket No 02P-0505). 2003.

Based on Codex Nutrient Reference Values for vitamin E (10mg/day)

Afshin A, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Mozaffarian D. Consumption of nuts and legumes and risk of incident ischemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2014 Jul 1;100(1):278-88.

The State of Sustainability Initiatives (SSI). Available from: https://www.iisd.org/ssi/commodities/soybean-coverage/
Ali N, Singh G. 16 Soybean processing and utilization. The soybean: botany, production and uses. 2010:345-74.

Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016) , The Australian Dietary Guidelines (2013), Canada’s Food Guides (2019), United Kingdom’s Eat Well Guide (2016) and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025 .

Comparison based on per 100g of raw ingredients. Nutrition information from USDA FoodData Central

Rizzo G, Baroni L. Soy, soy foods and their role in vegetarian diets. Nutrients. 2018 Jan;10(1):43.
Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016)

Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: nutrition and athletic performance. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2016 Mar 1;116(3):501-28.

Based on nutrition information of soybeans from USDA FoodData Central.

American Heart Association. Polyunsaturated Fats. Available from: https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/fats/polyunsaturated-fats

Based on EU Register of nutrition and health claims made on foods (v.3.6)

American Heart Association. The American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations. Available from:
https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/nutrition-basics/aha-diet-and-lifestyle-recommendations

Yan Z, Zhang X, Li C, Jiao S, Dong W. Association between consumption of soy and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis of observational studies. European journal of preventive cardiology. 2017 May 1;24(7):735-47.

Taku K, Melby MK, Nishi N, Omori T, Kurzer MS. Soy isoflavones for osteoporosis: an evidence-based approach. Maturitas. 2011 Dec
1;70(4):333-8.

Wei Y, Lv J, Guo Y, Bian Z, Gao M, Du H, Yang L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Wang T, Chen J. Soy intake and breast cancer risk: A prospective study of 300,000 Chinese women and a dose–response meta-analysis. European journal of epidemiology. 2020 Jun;35(6):567-78.

American Heart Association. Types of Whole Grains [Internet]. Available from: https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/nutrition-basics/types-of-whole-grains

Based on nutrition information of oats from USDA FoodData Central.

Australian Government NHMRC. Dietary Fibre [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nrv.gov.au/nutrients/dietary-fibre

U.S. FDA. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (21 CFR 101.81). Available from:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=101.81

U.S. FDA. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 (21 CFR 101.75). Available from:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=101.75

Aune D, Keum N, Giovannucci E, Fadnes LT, Boffetta P, Greenwood DC, Tonstad S, Vatten LJ, Riboli E, Norat T. Whole grain consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all cause and cause specific mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. bmj. 2016 Jun 14;353.

Haas P, Machado MJ, Anton AA, Silva AS, De Francisco A. Effectiveness of whole grain consumption in the prevention of colorectal cancer: meta-analysis of cohort studies. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2009 Jan 1;60(sup6):1-3.